同一个词加不加the竟判若两词「同一个词加不加the竟判若两词」

机构名词侧重于功能时不加the，侧重于具体特定单位时要加the.(e.g. 如 school, prison, hospital, college, university, church),

When did you start school? (as a student) 你什么时候开始上学？

She is in hospital.(as a patient) 她住院了。

but 但是:

There was a fire in the school four years ago. (the building itself) 四年前学校失过一次火。

She went to the hospital to see her friend. (as a visitor) 她去医院看望朋友。

He is in prison for murder.

他因谋杀罪入狱。

The judge sent him to prison.

法官判他入狱。

There are about 600 prisoners in the prison.

监狱中约有600名犯人。

Visitors to the prison are carefully checked.

监狱来访人员都会仔细核查。

Mrs Dobson invited us to dinner after church.

多布森太太邀请我们做完礼拜后去吃饭。

My parents go to church every Sunday.

我父母每个星期天都去做礼拜。

Keep on until you get to the church.

一直往前走到教堂。

The church was built at the top of a small rise.

教堂建在一座小山顶上。

We live in the house just past thechurch.

我们就住在挨着教堂那边的房子里。

The memorial service will be held at a local church.

She looks down on people who haven't been to college.

她瞧不起没上过大学的人。

He's hoping to go to college nextyear.

他希望明年上大学。

I worry that I won't get into college.

我担心自己进不了大学。

注意：本文指的加the，只是为了表述方便，实际上不一定非要加the，上述名词前加任意限定词或形容词，都将该名词具体化，从而失去其功能性含义。